Arabs in Mawara
annahr in honor of F.I.Bustani”, St. Joseph’s memorial 2000.
Transition on the Administration of Bilad al-Sham from the Byzantines to the Early Arabs
for a memorial volume for M. Allard and P. Nuwiya Beirut 1996.
Trans-Saharan trade routes between North Africa and Western Sudan
Paper presented to conference on Economic History of West Africa, University of Kano, Nigeria, 1976.
the Role of the Intellectuals in the Arab World
in Traditional Order and National Progress, (the paper was presented in English, but the book was translated and published in Arabic, Cairo, 1963).
Cultural trends in North Africa
Journal of World History, 1962.
Al-Masudi on Diyar as-Sham
in Masudi Millenium, Aligarh, 1961.
The Lebanese Elections 1960
Middle East Journal, Autumn, 1960
Recent Arabic Literature on Arabism
Middle East Journal, Autumn, 1952.
Recent Books on the Interpretation of Islam
Middle East Journal, Autumn, 1952.
Biographical article in Encyclopedia Britannica
on BOURGUIBA.
Two articles in Social Encyclopedia
LIBYA, SYRIA.
Two Articles in Encyclopedia Americana
TRIPOLI, TRIPOLITANA.
Three articles for Encyclopedia Britannica
HEGIRA, CHRONOLOGY, and CALENDAR.